January / February 2003
ARCHAEOLOGY SCIENCE EXPLORE EXPLORER EXPLORING ARCHAEOLOGIST DIG DIGGER DIGGING MUMMY SEARCH TOMB RAIDER HISTORY HISTORIES RESEARCH RESEARCHER RESEARCHERS RESEARCHS RESEARCHES
20 Sailing the Open Seas
U A N L . U A V I S
30 Exploring the Deep
AARON BRODY and
ANNA MARGUERITE McCANN
lacking compasses and navigational cnarts,
ancient sailors clung timidly to coastlines—at
least according to the conventional wisdom.
This picture seemed supported by archaeol-
ogy, for until recently all Mediterranean ship-
wrecks were found near shore. Now, however,
archaeologists are using new technologies to
explore the deepest oceanic depths, and they
are finding ancient shipwrecks there, too.
The wine god Dionysus languidly reclines
in an arbor of grapevines in this detail
from a 3-foot-tall, fourth-century B.C.
gilded bronze crater from northern
Greece. Although not visible in the photo,
Dionysus is shown completely (and graphi-
cally) naked—which was common for men
in the Greco-Roman world, but not for
women, who were depicted more circum-
spectly. Strangely, this was reversed in the
ancient Near East, where female gods were
depicted graphically naked while male gods
were depicted clothed. In "The Naked and
the Nude" (p. 44), Larissa Bonfante asks,
What did the ancients think of the naked
body? And why the uproar today?
Photo by The Art Archive/Archaeological
Museum SalonicatDagli Orti.
JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2003
44 The Naked and the Nude
LARISSA BONFANTE
Sex sells! goes the commercial
line. Sex also offends, pleases,
empowers, victimizes,
deranges, calms, seduces,
humbles—and on and
on. So it's not surpris-
ing that the
ancients, too,
would be fasci-
nated and horrified
by images of the
naked body and
sexuality. What is
surprising, however, is how
different their attitudes
were—both from each
other's and from ours.
Digs 2003
Each summer, archaeological excavations get by
with a little help from their friends. Volunteers
are needed to help uncover Roman, Greek and
Nabatean ruins, as well as a prehistoric temple.
Our fourth annual Digs List tells you every-
thing you need to know to start digging. (For
armchair archaeologists, we also list study-
abroad programs.)
Departments
4 Editors' Page
A misguided policy that has to go!
6 Origins
At some point mankind decided to
document the known world. Even
history has a history.
8 The Forum
A u Island Divided
Vulgar Pornography
Kitchener, Conder and Kitsch
Dear Mr. Renfrew
14 Field Notes
Owning (up to) the Past
Museum holdings repatriated.
Surveying the Walls of Uruk
Archaeology and Gilgamesh.
Roman-British Villas Found
Ancient ruins under a soccer field.
Iceman Report #379
Now he's an omnivore.
Revitalizing Stonehenge
Keeping the stones standing.
40 Post Perfect
Two thousand years ago, a wander-
ing Greek named Pausanias pro-
duced the world's first guidebook.
58 Reviews
The Man Who Deciphered Linear B
Andrew Robinson
60 Authors
64 Ancient Life
Giving birth—in pharaonic Egypt.
ODYSSEY JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2003
For a little over a decade, archaeologists
have been exploring the deepest parts of the
Mediterranean—by using remotely operated
vehicles that travel far beyond the limits of
scuba divers. Deepwater shipwrecks have
been found in the central and eastern
Mediterranean. Just what did these ships
carry, and what do their cargoes tell us about
the ancient peoples who boldly sailed the
bounding main?
Ancient Egypt - KingTutOne.com a
Resource Center for Ancient Egypt
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