St. David's, Pembrokeshire - Old Stepped Cross, Square -NPO Dexter postcard 1975

• Postcard

   

• Picture / Image:  St. Davi's, Dyfed, Wales [now Pembrokeshire] - The Old Stepped Cross, Cross Square
• Publisher: NPO Dexter 
• Postally used: yes
• Stamp:  6&half p Welsh regional
• Postmark(s): Haverfordwest 1976 
• Sent to:  Raleigh Hill, Bedford, North Devon 
• Notes / condition: 

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Text from the free encyclopedia WIKIPEDIA may appear below to give a little background information (internal links may not  work) :

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St Davids or St David's^[2][3] (Welsh: Tyddewi, [tɨː ˈðɛwi], lit. "David's house") is a city,^[4] a community (full name St David's and the Cathedral Close) and a parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, lying on the River Alun. St Davids is the United Kingdom's smallest city in terms of both size and population (1,841 in 2011).^[5] Being the final resting place of Saint David, Wales's patron saint, it is the de facto ecclesiastical capital of Wales. St Davids was given city status in the 16th century because of St David's Cathedral. City status was lost in 1888 but, at the request of Queen Elizabeth II, restored in 1994.

Tradition states that David was born to Saint Non at what is now St Non's, just to the south of the city, in about AD 500. It is said that he was baptised at Porthclais, now the city's port, and was brought up by his mother at Llanon. St David may also have been educated at Ty Gwyn, Whitesands, by St Paulinus.

In the 6th century, David founded a monastery and church at Glyn Rhosyn (Rose Vale) on the banks of the River Alun. The area was originally known in the Welsh language as Mynyw and to the Romans as Meneva or Menevia. The monastic brotherhood that David founded was very strict — besides praying and celebrating masses, they cultivated the land and carried out many crafts, including beekeeping, in order to feed themselves and the many pilgrims and travellers who needed lodgings. They also fed and clothed the poor and needy.^[6] The settlement that grew up around the monastery was called Tyddewi meaning "David's house". In 519 the archbishopric of Caerleon in the county of Monmouth was transferred to Mynyw, which was renamed "St Davids" in honour of the archbishop and saint by whom the transfer was accomplished.^[7] The original cathedral built on the site was often plundered by the Vikings and was finally burnt and destroyed in 1087. The present cathedral was built by the Normans and contained many relics, including the remains of St David. It was visited by many pilgrims, many of whom were nobles and kings, including William the Conqueror in 1077, Henry II in 1171, and Edward I and Queen Eleanor in 1284.^[7] Pope Calixtus II decreed that two pilgrimages to St Davids were equivalent to one to Rome ("Roma semel quantum dat bis Menevia tantum"). Because of this, a vast income was raised from visiting pilgrims in the Middle Ages.^[8] Pilgrimages later fell out of favour due to practices such as the selling of indulgences, and the income from them faded away. By the 19th century, the city of St Davids was isolated and neglected and was described in the Penny Cyclopaedia,^[7]

At present its appearance is that of a poor village, the houses, excepting those of the clergy, being in a ruinous state. The locality is lonely, and the neighbouring district wild and unimproved; but it is still an interesting place as the seat of a large episcopal see, with a fine cathedral and the remains of other magnificent religious edifices.

Since then, better transport and the advent of tourism have helped the city prosper again. Next to the cathedral, the 13th-century Bishop's Palace is a ruin maintained by Cadw and open to visitors. The city was once a marcher borough, within which lay the hundred of Dewisland. In 1603, the antiquarian George Owen described it as one of five Pembrokeshire boroughs overseen by a portreeve.^[9]

Saint Non's Well overlooks the Pembrokeshire Coast Path and St Brides Bay.

In addition to the cathedral, notable features of the city include the 14th-century Tower Gate, the Celtic Old Cross and a number of art galleries. St Davids is also a base for walking and water sports. It has several hotels, a pharmacy, shops and galleries, a youth hostel and a number of pubs. The entire coastline around St Davids forms part of the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.

St Davids Lifeboat Station, at St Justinian, has saved an estimated 360 people since the first lifeboat was located there in 1869; four lifeboatmen have died while saving others.^[10] The Irish Sea area includes a large number of offshore rocks and islands and is notorious for strong tides.^[11]

In the 16th century a town was recognised as a city by the English Crown if it had a diocesan cathedral within its limits, but this link was abolished in 1888^[12] and St Davids lost the right to call itself a city. In 1991 St Davids town council proposed that a case for city status, which the residents had long considered it to have anyway, should be promoted in connection with the 40th anniversary of the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, and in 1992 the Home Office agreed to refer the matter to Buckingham Palace. In 1994, at the request of the Queen, St Davids was again granted city status along with the Northern Irish town of Armagh, "In recognition of their important Christian heritage and their status as cities in the last century".^[12] The letters patent conferring city status were formally presented by the Queen in a ceremony at St David's Cathedral on 1 June 1995.^[13]