Aberdaron, Llyn Peninsular, Gwynedd - art postcard Judges

Postcard
• Picture / Image:  Aberdaron on the Llyn Peninsular, Gwynedd (formerly Caernarvonshire)
• Publisher:  Judges of Hastings
• Postally used:  no
• Stamp:  n/a
• Postmark(s): n/a
• Sent to:  n/a
• Notes / condition: 

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Text from the free encyclopedia WIKIPEDIA may appear below to give a little background information (internal links may not  work) :

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Aberdaron is a community and former fishing village at the western tip of the Llyn Peninsula (Welsh: Penrhyn Llyn) in the Welsh county of Gwynedd. It lies 14.8 miles (23.8 km) west of Pwllheli and 33.5 miles (53.9 km) south west of Caernarfon, and has a population of 1,019.^[1] It is sometimes referred to as the ""Land's End of Wales"" (Welsh: Pendraw'r Byd).^[2] The community includes Bardsey Island (Welsh: Ynys Enlli), the coastal area around Porthor, and the villages of Anelog, Llanfaelrhys, Penycaerau, Rhoshirwaun, Rhydlios, Uwchmynydd and Y Rhiw.^[3]

The village was the last rest stop for pilgrims heading to Bardsey Island, the legendary ""island of 20,000 saints"". In the 18th and 19th centuries it developed as a shipbuilding centre and port. The mining and quarrying industries became major employers, and limestone, lead, jasper and manganese were exported, and there are the ruins of an old pier running out to sea at Porth Simdde, which is the local name for the west end of Aberdaron Beach. After the Second World War the mining industry collapsed, and Aberdaron gradually developed into a popular holiday resort.^[4] The beach was awarded a Seaside Award in 2008.^[5]

The coastal waters are part of Pen Llyn a'r Sarnau Special Area of Conservation (Welsh: Ardal Cadwraeth Arbennig Pen Llyn a'r Sarnau), one of the largest marine designated sites in the United Kingdom.^[6] The coast itself forms part of the Aberdaron Coast and Bardsey Island Special Protection Area (Welsh: Ardal Gwarchodaeth Arbennig Glannau Aberdaron ac Ynys Enlli),^[7] and was designated a Heritage Coast in 1974.^[8] In 1956 the area was included in Llyn Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (Welsh: Ardal o Harddwch Naturiol Eithriadol Llyn).^[9][10] Conservation Areas have been created in Aberdaron, Bardsey Island and Y Rhiw;^[8] and the area has been designated a Landscape of Historic Interest.^[11]

Aberdaron means ""Mouth of the Daron River"", a reference to the Afon Daron (English: River Daron) which flows into Bae Aberdaron (English: Aberdaron Bay) in the village.^[12]

Evidence from one of the most important archaeological sites in Wales, the Iron Age hillfort at Castell Odo, on Mynydd Ystum, suggests that the area around Aberdaron was colonised early, as a wave of Celtic settlers explored the Irish Sea (Welsh: Môr Iwerddon), probably around the 4th century BC. The construction was wholly defensive, but in later phases defence appears to have been less important, and in the last phase the fort's ramparts were deliberately flattened, suggesting there was no longer a need for defence. It appears that Aberdaron became a peaceful farming community. Ptolemy calls the Llyn Peninsula ""Ganganorum Promontorium"" (English: Peninsula of the Gangani); the Gangani were a tribe of Irish Celts, and it is thought there may have been strong ties with Leinster.^[13]

The church at Aberdaron had the ancient privilege of sanctuary. In 1094 Gruffudd ap Cynan, the exiled King of Gwynedd, sought refuge in the church while attempting to recapture his throne; he escaped in the monastic community's boat to Ireland.^[14] He regained his territories in 1101, and in 1115 Gruffydd ap Rhys, the exiled prince of Deheubarth, took refuge at Aberdaron to escape capture by Gwynedd's ruler. Henry I of England had invaded Gwynedd the previous year, and faced by an overwhelming force, Gruffudd ap Cynan had been forced to pay homage and a substantial fine to Henry.^[15] The King of Gwynedd, seeking to give up the exiled prince to Henry, ordered that the fugitive prince be dragged from the church by force, but his soldiers were beaten back by the local clergy; Gruffydd ap Rhys escaped under cover of night and fled south to join up with his supporters in Ystrad Tywi.^[16]

Following the conquest of Gwynedd, in 1284, Edward I set about touring his new territories. He visited the castles at Conwy and Caernarfon. Court was held at Nefyn, at which his new subjects were expected to demonstrate their loyalty; and he visited Aberdaron on his way to Bardsey Abbey.^[17]

After the English Civil War, when the Parliamentarians under Oliver Cromwell introduced a strongly Protestant regime, Catholicism remained the dominant religion in the area. Catholics, who had largely supported the Royalist side, were often considered to be traitors and efforts were made to eradicate the religion. The persecution even extended to Aberdaron, and in 1657, Gwen Griffiths of Y Rhiw was summoned to the Quarter Sessions as a ""papist"".^[18]

Agricultural improvement and the Industrial Revolution came to Aberdaron in the 19th century. The Inclosure (Consolidation) Act 1801 was intended to make it easier for landlords to enclose and improve common land, introduce increased efficiency, bring more land under the plough, and reduce the high prices of agricultural production. Rhoshirwaun Common, following strong opposition, was enclosed in 1814; while the process was not completed in Aberdaron, Llanfaelrhys and Y Rhiw until 1861.^[19] On the industrial front, mining developed as a major source of employment, especially at Y Rhiw, where manganese was discovered in 1827.^[20]

During the Second World War, Y Rhiw played a vital role in preparations for the Normandy Landings. A team of electronic engineers set up an experimental ultra high frequency radio station, from where they were able to make a direct link to stations in Fishguard (Welsh: Abergwaun) and Llandudno. The system employed a frequency that the German forces were unable to either monitor or jam, and was used in the 1944 landings.^[21]

type=printed postcards

theme=topographical: british

sub-theme=wales

county/ country=caernarvonshire

number of items=single

period=1945 - present

postage condition=unposted